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Isolation and Characterization of L- Asparaginase Producing Endophytic Bacteria from Simarouba Gluaca
Pathuppilly Satheesan Kavya,
Parakkottil Chothi Madhu
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
1-6
Received:
10 November 2018
Accepted:
14 January 2019
Published:
7 February 2019
Abstract: Cancer cells differentiate themselves from normal cells in diminished expression of L-asparaginase. It is the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-Asparagine to L-aspartic and ammonia, because of these it is used as a medication and in food manufacturing. As a medication L-aspraginase is used to treat various types of leukemia such as, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, acute myeloma leukemia and non Hodgkin’s lymphoma. Hence they are not capable of producing L-asparaginase and mainly depend on the L-asparagine from circulating plasma pools. The clinical action of this enzyme is attributed to the reduction of L-asparaginase, since tumor cells unable to synthesis these amino acids are selectively killed by L-asparaginase depravation. This enzyme is widely distributed, being found in as it is widely distributed bacteria as well as found in animals, microbes and plant sources. In the present study L-asparaginase producing bacteria was isolated from Simarouba glauca. It was grown on the modified M9 medium in which L- asparagine was the major source of L- asparaginase production was detected by the formation of pink colored zones on the medium. After the partial purification of the L-Asparaginase enzyme, the enzyme activity was found to be 155.83 Units/ml and specific activity of 779.15. The optimum pH was to be found at pH 8 at a temperature of 37°C in the presence of 10mM Mg2+. The molecular identification was done by16S rDNA, PCR and sequence analysis by BLAST further confirmed that Bacillus cereus.
Abstract: Cancer cells differentiate themselves from normal cells in diminished expression of L-asparaginase. It is the enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of L-Asparagine to L-aspartic and ammonia, because of these it is used as a medication and in food manufacturing. As a medication L-aspraginase is used to treat various types of leukemia such as, acute l...
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Genetic Diversity of Benin Cattle Populations Using Microsatellite Markers
Kassa Sagui Kévin,
Dayo Guiguigbaza-Kossigan Charles,
Yapi-Gnaoré Valentine,
Sylla Souleymane,
Konkobo Maurice,
Youssao Abdou Karim Issaka
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
7-19
Received:
6 September 2018
Accepted:
19 September 2018
Published:
15 February 2019
Abstract: The genetic characteristics of cattle breeds of Benin are little known. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity of major cattle breeds of Benin. For this purpose, blood samples from 179 cattle including 31 Girolando, 30 White Fulani cattle, 31 Borgou, 31 Lagunaire, 43 Somba and 13 crossbreed Azawak x Lagunaire were characterized using 12 microsatellites markers. All used microsatellites were polymorphic within each breed of cattle. The TGLA53 marker presented the highest number of alleles (15) in the Borgou cattle while the lowest number of alleles (2) was found at the INRA 63 locus for crossbreed Azawak x Lagunaire. The observed heterozygosity rates ranged from 0.79 to 0.57 in Girolando and Somba populations respectively. The highest expected heterozygosity rates were observed in the Girolando cattle population (0.79) while the the lowest (0.63) was encountered in Lagunaire and Somba populations. The lowest value of the differentiation indice between population pairs (0.084) was observed between Borgou and White Fulani cattle. Genetic structure analysis clustered Somba and Lagunaire cattle breeds while White Fulani and Borgou cattle breeds were very close. The crossbreed populations (Borgou and Azawak x Lagunaire) were between taurine and zebu. However, taurine were introgressed (20% on average) by the zebu blood. This study is a basic information in undertaking a conservation program and/or for support in the elaboration of a genetic improvement program for local cattle breeds of Benin.
Abstract: The genetic characteristics of cattle breeds of Benin are little known. This study aimed to assess the genetic diversity of major cattle breeds of Benin. For this purpose, blood samples from 179 cattle including 31 Girolando, 30 White Fulani cattle, 31 Borgou, 31 Lagunaire, 43 Somba and 13 crossbreed Azawak x Lagunaire were characterized using 12 m...
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Feed Resources Potential and Nutritional Quality of Major Feed Stuffs in Raya Kobo District, North Wollo Zone, Ethiopia
Derbie Alemu,
Ermias Tekletsadik,
Mekonnen Yirga,
Melaku Tareke
Issue:
Volume 3, Issue 1, March 2019
Pages:
20-29
Received:
24 April 2019
Accepted:
28 May 2019
Published:
10 June 2019
Abstract: Using multi-stage purposive sampling technique, 270 households who owned cattle were selected from three agro-ecologies to assess feed resources potential and to evaluate the nutritional quality majorly used feed resources. Structured questionnaire, field observation and focus group discussion were used to collect detailinformation. Conversion factors were used to quantify each feed recourse yield potential per a year in the district. Ten majorly usedcattle feed sampleswere taken to evaluate their nutritional quality. Collected data were analyzed using SAS version 9.2 software packages. Natural pastures, crop residues, stable grazing and hay were the available feed resources in the study area. The cattle population in the district was estimated 1,520 TLU which required an estimated of 13,871 tons of DM for maintenance per annum. The overall estimated DMYof the feed resources in the district was 366,719 tons per year. By assuming 20% of the feed resources wasted during transportation, storage and feeding, 293,375 tons of DM could be utilized as livestock feed per annum. Major feed resources in the district were grouped under poor quality. In conclusion, the feed resources potential in the district could satisfy the cattle population DM maintenance requirement. However, whether the remaining DMY could satisfy the DM requirement of the entire livestockpopulationin the district needs further investigation. The nutritional quality of feed resources needs improvement through treatment. Moreover, supplementary feeding is needed to satisfy the entire nutrientrequirements of the livestock population in the district.
Abstract: Using multi-stage purposive sampling technique, 270 households who owned cattle were selected from three agro-ecologies to assess feed resources potential and to evaluate the nutritional quality majorly used feed resources. Structured questionnaire, field observation and focus group discussion were used to collect detailinformation. Conversion fact...
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